After Algeria wrenched its independence from France in 1962, the government newly formed decided to achieve Arabization. Standard Arabic became thus the official language of Algeria and the complete Arabization of all public institutions was voted in January 1991. Actually, the Algerian linguistic situation is one of multilingualism where Algerian Arabic (regional varieties), Tamazight (Berber languages) and French are daily used according to circumstances. The first section of the present paper considers the linguistic situation in Algeria and raises, through the Berber issue, the question of minority language rights and identity in a country that slowly starts recognizing its diversity. (Contains 12 notes.)