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Krashen, Stephen – Applied Language Learning, 2012
In previous reviews of studies comparing explicit and implicit instruction (Krashen, 1981, 1982, 1999, 2003), the author argued that explicit instruction will show a positive effect only when the following conditions for the use of the conscious Monitor are met: (1) the acquirer consciously knows the rule or the meaning of the item--that is, has…
Descriptors: English (Second Language), Phrase Structure, Verbs, Grammar
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Constantino, Rebecca; Lee, Sy-Ying; Cho, Kyung-Sook; Krashen, Stephen – Applied Language Learning, 1997
Presents results of a questionnaire filled out by international students regarding years of English study, length of residence in the United States, free reading habits in the first and second language, and television watching. Reading in English, English study in the home country, and length of residence in the United States affected students'…
Descriptors: College Students, English (Second Language), Higher Education, Place of Residence