Sixty-two individuals representing sixteen states, three school districts, eleven testing and testing-related companies, and eleven other organizations participated in a forum on June 19, 2013, in National Harbor, Maryland, to discuss the performance gaps of low-performing students and their implications for assessment and instruction. The forum was a pre-session to the Council of Chief State School Officers (CCSSO) National Conference on Student Assessment (NCSA), and was a collaboration of the Assessing Special Education Students (ASES) State Collaborative on Assessment and Student Standards (SCASS) and the National Center on Educational Outcomes (NCEO). A primary goal of the forum was to provide the opportunity for participants to share perspectives on the topic. The diversity of low-performing students makes it imperative that teams work together to address low-performing students' assessment and instructional needs. As the nation adopts the Common Core State Standards or other 21st century standards and moves toward the implementation of more rigorous assessments of those standards, the challenges of low performance will continue and increase. Although this report summarizes the introductory information provided to forum participants, its main purpose is to describe the facilitated forum discussions themselves, and the results of the consensus-building process. Summaries of the discussions were developed from notes taken by notetakers, and action plans were synthesized through the consensus-building process. This report first summarizes the introductory material provided to participants, and then presents a summary of the points made during each discussion session. In addition, the results of the consensus building process on action steps are presented. Participants were encouraged to comment and discuss freely, with assurances that no individual's name, nor any state, company, or organization names would be attached to comments that were made. Complete anonymity of statements was assured. This led to frank and open conversations.