The American Association of Medical Colleges (AAMC) appointed a task force in November 1999 to examine how AAMC member institutions and others were developing, and could develop, new ways to integrate education and patient care. Mechanisms were identified that would aid in reorienting residency programs to education, rather than services. These were: (1) re-engineering services to incorporate new medical technologies, greater efficiencies, and other improvements in quality and cost-effectiveness; (2) introducing new educational technologies, such as virtual surgery; (3) selectively shifting some resident tasks to nurses and other personnel, creating new patient care teams; (4) adding content and implementing a graduate medical education (GME) core curriculum at the institutional level; (5) changing resident supervision and resident responsibilities in response to Medicare requirements; and (6) expanding educational opportunities in outpatient and other non-hospital settings. Appendix A contains some examples of clinical or educational redesign that balances education and service, and appendix B lists experts consulted. (SLD)