Monographs on pragmatics and language learning include: "Do We All Apologize the Same?--An Empirical Study on the Act of Apologizing by Spanish Speakers Learning English" (Montserrat Mir); "Conversational Openings in Kiswahili: The Pragmatic Performance of Native and Non-Native Speakers" (Alwiya S. Omar); "Experimental and Observational Data in the Study of Interlanguage Pragmatics" (Beverly S. Hartford, Kathleen Bardovi-Harlig); "The Interpretation of Implicature in English by NNS: Does It Come Automatically--Without Being Explicitly Taught?" (Lawrence F. Bouton); "Linguistic and Pragmatic Competence: Their Relationship in the Overall Competence of the Language Learner" (Sheila Hoffman-Hicks); "Discourse Domains Revisited: Expertise and Investment in Conversation" (Shona Whyte);"Politeness Phenomena in South African Black English" (Elizabeth de Kadt); "Gender and Function of Language Use: Quantitative and Qualitative Evidence from Japanese" (Sachiko Ide); "Seeking a Pedagogically Useful Understanding of Given-New: An Analysis of Native-Speaker Errors in Written Discourse" (Asha Tickoo); "The Telling of a Tale: Discourse Structure and Tense Use in Learners' Narratives" (Bardovi-Harlig); "Pragmatics of Elusive Languages" (Salikoko S. Mufwene); "The Pragmatics of Codeswitching in Mexican Political, Literary, and News Magazines" (Erica McClure); "Modality as a Strategy in Interaction: Epistemic Modality in the Language of Native and Non-Native Speakers of English" (Elise Karkainen); and "Pragmatics of the Use of Nominals in Academic and Professional Genres" (Vijay K. Bhatia). (MSE)