Racial and ethnic identity must be understood as an important determinant of the creative process and social dynamics, as well as understood as individual psychology. This collection of papers examines identity issues in the following chapters: (1) "Roots and Routes: Black Identity as an Outernational Project" (Paul Gilroy); (2) "Identity as Coping: Adolescent African-American Males' Adaptive Responses to High-Risk Environments" (Margaret Beale Spencer, Michael Cunningham, and Dena Phillips Swanson); (3) "In Search of Blackness and Afrocentricity: The Psychology of Black Identity Change" (William E. Cross, Jr.); (4) "Biracial Identity--Asset or Handicap?" (Elaine Pinderhughes); (5) "Transracial Adoptions and the Continuing Debate on the Racial Identity of Families" (Ezra E. H. Griffith and Ina L. Silverman); (6) "Coping with Stress through Art: A Program for Urban Minority Children" (Ian A. Canino); (7) "Images Used by African-Americans To Combat Negative Stereotypes" (Barbara A. Hudson); (8) "National Nightmares: The Liberal Bourgeoisie and Racial Anxiety" (Hazel V. Carby); (9) "Puerto Ricans and the Politics of Racial Identity" (Angelo Falcon); (10) "Black Religion and Racial Identity" (C. Eric Lincoln); and (11) "Conclusion: The Pageantry of Difference: The Psychological Development and Creative Expression of Racial and Ethnic Identity" (Howard C. Blue). References or notes follow each chapter. (Contains 9 figures, 30 photographs, and 4 tables.) (SLD)