A case is made for establishing more community-based socialization programs for 10- to 15-year-old black males from disadvantaged families in poor neighborhoods. It is argued that effectively run neighborhood-based programs can accomplish the following: (1) establish caring and nurturing relationships that earn youths' attention and trust; (2) convey information about the options, strategies, skills, and behavior available and necessary for their happiness and success in society; (3) develop apparent changes in the preferences and values of youths; and (4) lead young people to freely choose socially acceptable, non-destructive, and social-mobility-enhancing activities and roles in their families and neighborhoods. Evidence for these arguments was derived from the experiences of 24 existing programs in six cities. Interviews were conducted with about one-third of these program administrators, and written questionnaires were answered by four programs. Advice is offered for policymakers and private sector funders who may be interested in supporting such programs. The following materials are appended: (1) a list of 26 references; (2) a model funding proposal; (3) a discussion of program outcomes; and (4) a list of programs. (SLD)