This literature review addresses perceived positive contributions of disabled persons to their families and proposes a new framework for such research. Considered first is the theoretical framework underlying Family Stress and Coping Theory, specifically the ABCX model of R. Hill and its modifications. Next, family research trends in the disability field from 1940 to 1980 are reviewed. These focused on: reactions of parents toward their children and implications for professionals; the child's effect on the family system; and stress in families. The application of stress theory to research on the perceptions of families of children with disabilities and chronic illnesses is examined next. Covered are the following: the impact of disabilities on families and the effectiveness of various coping strategies; three conceptual frameworks; and the ABCX model as a framework for reviewing the literature. The application of cognitive adaptation theory to adaptation to negative life events is then considered. Finally, a framework which connects family stress theory and cognitive adaptation theory is proposed. This framework comprises the following components: the family's response to stressful events; cognitive processes associated with adaptation to threatening events; societal norms and values; public policies; professional practices; family perceptions of the disabled member; and the perceptions of the disabled themselves. (Includes 95 references.) (DB)