In June 1989, the Kentucky Supreme court ruled the state's elementary and secondary school system unconstitutional. A Task Force on Education Reform provided recommendations to the General Assembly for reforming the educational system which resulted in the Kentucky Education Reform Act of 1990. This act mandates the creation of a system of public education to assist students in acquiring: (1) basic skills; (2) communication skills; (3) an understanding of governmental processes; (4) knowledge to make economic, social and political choices; and (5) other skills necessary to compete favorably with students in other states. The law requires that a statewide assessment program be developed by 1995-96, including performance-based student testing, to measure the success of each school. The Reform Act also provides for (1) professional development; (2) school-based decision making; (3) preschool programs; (4) family resource centers and youth services centers; (5) technology in education; (6) primary school reform; (7) kindergarten; (8) continuing education for students; and (9) raising the compulsory school attendance age. Governance of the state's school system will be assumed by a Commissioner of Education, the chief executive officer of the State Board for Elementary and Secondary Education. A reorganized Department of Education will provide services including assistance with curriculum design, school administration and finance, monitoring the management of school districts, and research and planning. Regional service centers for the professional development of school district employees, and centers for assessment of principals and training of superintendents will be established. Financial support by state and local governments is outlined and a timeline for implementation of the Reform Act is included. This report contains a section of questions and answers on the Education Reform Act. (ALL)