Pennsylvania's guide to help school districts develop programs for limited English proficient (LEP) students outlines considerations in using two different approaches, bilingual education and English as a second language (ESL) instruction, at the elementary and secondary levels. The issues addressed include appropriate instructional methods, language of instruction, instructional materials, curriculum design, student evaluation, staffing, and transition to the regular classroom. Appended materials include a Philadelphia School District sample ESL schedule, a Lancaster School District skills checklist, a Harrisburg School District extended summer ESL program description, and readings on mainstreaming LEP students, implementing content-based English instruction, school district responses to the fluctuating LEP populations, second language instruction, secondary education for minority language students. Fourteen resources are listed. (MSE)