This report presents background information and statistical data on the problem of infant mortality. Contents include (1) a discussion of the causes of infant mortality; (2) data on infant mortality and low birth weight; and (3) information on federal programs affecting maternal and child health. Data tables depict infant mortality in terms of urban, state, regional, national, and international norms; and indicate racial and sex differences. Data on low birth weight is specified according to education of mother and extent of prenatal care. Health programs discussed include: Medicaid, the Maternal and Child Health Services Block Grant; the Special Supplemental Food Program for Women, Infants, and Children; community health centers; migrant health centers; family planning; the Childhood Immunization Program; the National Institutes of Health Biomedical Research Program; and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcholism research activities. A glossary of terms used in the report is provided. (RH)