The target income hypothesis as applied to health personnel is discussed in seven papers and three commentaries. The hypothesis pertains to the economic behavior of physicians, and it has recently been applied to dentists as well. The issues concern the production/supply of practitioners and the resulting cost for their services. Whether physicians/dentists can induce demand for their services and set income in accordance with a preconceived target has important policy implications. Paper titles and authors are as follows: "Introduction" (Jesse S. Hixson); "An Analysis of Competing Hypotheses of the Demand for and Supply of Physician Services" (James B. Ramsey); "A Formal Model of Target Income Pricing with Supplier-Induced Demand" (Charles S. Roehrig); "The Effect of Provider Supply on Price" (Mark V. Pauly, Mark A. Satterthwaite); "The Aggregate Supplies and Demands of Physician and Dental Services" (Jesse S. Hixson, Nina Mocniak); "The Effect of Local Physician Supply on the Treatment of Hypertension in Quebec" (Philip J. Held, Larry M. Manheim); "A Market Model of the Distribution of Dentists" (Gerald L. Musgrave); "Conflicting Theories of the Determination of the Entrepreneur's Income: An Analysis of the Practicing Dentist" (Donald R. House); and discussions by Frank A. Sloan, Zachary Y. Dyckman, and Thomas R. Saving. (SW)