This paper presents alternative ways microcomputers can be utilized in the educational process. These uses are: (1) learning from, with, and about computers; (2) learning about thinking with computers; and (3) managing learning with computers. Each of these uses is discussed as to its applicability to current educational practice and possibilities for the future. The role of the teacher in each of these areas is discussed and the relative importance of computer hardware and software for each area is described. Specific recommendations for educator action, as schools begin to use computers, are: (1) development of school district guidelines considering roles for which computer systems can be used, quality of educational software, choice of hardware, maintenance budgets, and extent of teacher inservice necessary; and (2) increase of teacher knowledge of uses of computers through self-study, school workshops, and courses and/or degrees from institutions of higher education. Also included is a bibliography of books, journals, and articles. (JD)