The relationship between selected subtests from the Armed Services Vocational Aptitude Battery (ASVAB) and corresponding subtests administered as computerized adaptive tests (CAT) was investigated using a sample of Marine recruits. Results showed that the CAT subtest scores correlated as well with initial ASVAB scores as did ASVAB retest scores, even though the CAT subtests contained only half the number of items. Factor analysis showed the CAT subtests loaded on the same factors as did the corresponding ASVAB subtests, indicating that the same mental abilities were being measured. The Armed Services Qualification Test (AFQT) composite was predicted equally well from either ASVAB or CAT administrations, even though the CAT contained only three of the four AFQT subtests. CAT requires fewer test items to perform the same task as the current paper-and-pencil ASVAB. (Author)