These five symposium papers address the gap between behavioral and psychoanalytic theories. "Teaching the Integration of Different Models to Therapists-in-Training," by Richard P. Halgin, suggests that students should concentrate on a broad-based education, using the best of several approaches to fit individual client needs, rather than choosing an established school of psychotherapy. "The Transition from Behavioral to Exploratory Psychotherapy," by Bruce Kerr, presents the issue of clinical flexibility as an approach to the complexity of human behavior. Case studies are used to illustrate the need for mastery of different clinical models. "The Integration of Behavioral and Psychodynamic Techniques in the Group Treatment of Sex Dysfunction," by Robert Muller, presents an open-ended, client-based, interpersonal orientation model. A study showing the effectiveness of this approach is included. "Integration of Behavioral and Analytic Modes: A First Year Student's Perspective," by Aimee Grunberger, points out that the notion of rapprochement originated in the form of endless journal debates over the relative merits of one type of therapy over another. Reviews of several studies on comparative therapies are presented. "Learning to Listen: Modifying a Psychoanalytic Psychotherapy," by Linda Kanefield, presents a case study based on the dynamics of the counselor client relationship. Modification of the therapist's neutrality, use of interpretation as a major tool, and analysis of transference are discussed along with the effect of these changes on the therapist's capacity to respond differently to different patients. (JAC)