The two sections of this monograph deal with child abuse and spouse abuse as separate issues. The authors discuss the factors that have contributed to these problems, including historical antecedents, attitudes, and practices; and identify the characteristics of abusive caretakers of children, violent spouses/partners, and abused or neglected children. Sample intervention and treatment strategies are described, as well as broad components that should be part of any effective preventive or treatment program. Each section includes recommendations for future action intended to ameliorate and/or prevent abuse of children and spouses and help them to lead less fearful lives under more positive conditions. References are provided at the end of each section. (Author)