Unemployment among university graduates in Israel is examined in light of their possible retraining for placement in other professional fields experiencing shortages, including new occupations. After an introduction that includes a retraining model, the following are covered in separate chapters: (1) a profile of humanities and social science graduates according to sex, age, marital status, and country of origin; (2) student geographic mobility and the location of institutions of higher learning; (3) the distribution of graduates in each university department and the prevalence and satisfaction with each; (4) continuation of studies with emphasis on the characteristics and motivation of postgraduate students; (5) graduate employment; (6) the relation between studies and work; (7) work satisfaction and graduate characteristics; (8) occupational training in light of bridging the gap between university output and labor market demands; and (9) study and employment information and counseling. The final chapter offers summaries and suggestions on various areas such as: similarities and differences between humanities and social science graduates; expansion of higher education; changing fields of study; postgraduate studies; and occupational preparation. Among the conclusions are that the increased prevalence of higher education in Israel and the continuing immigration of professionals results in a need for more retraining programs, and that the humanities and social science graduates account for 60 percent of the entire student body in Israel. A bibliography is provided. (LC)