Data presented in this report are derived from the National Science Foundation's (NSF) fall 1980 Survey of Graduate Science Students and Postdoctorates, covering 9,930 graduate science and engineering (S/E) departments in 633 doctorate- and master's-granting institutions. Highlights of the survey indicate that: (1) graduate enrollment in S/E exceeded 383,000 in fall 1980, a growth of 3 percent over fall 1979; (2) the total number of graduate students enrolled in engineering grew between 1979 and 1980 at about twice the rate of those in science fields as a whole; (3) 3 percent 1979-80 increase in full-time S/E graduates at doctorate-granting institutions was primarily fueled by the growing number of women enrolled in graduate S/E courses; (4) the number of foreign students enrolled full-time in doctorate-granting institutions increased by 9 percent between 1979 and 1980; (5) of the 231,000 S/E graduate students enrolled full-time, those holding research and teaching assistantships increased by 5 percent over 1979; and (6) federal agencies supported about 22 percent of all full-time S/E students in 1980, the same proportion as in 1979. (Author/JN)