An empirical study concerning development of the Swedish educational system from a labor market point of view, and a theoretical study on human capital models are discussed. In "Education and Labour Market; The Swedish Experience 1900-1975," attention is directed to the following concerns: the official educational policy regarding education and the labor market; the objectives, means, and general perception of the relations between education and the economy; and organizational development of the public educational system. The quantitative development of the educational system and the effects of education on allocation and growth are reviewed. In addition, the distribution of educational resources is considered, along with the distributional effects of education due to its effect on such factors as earnings. International comparisons are also examined. In "Human Capital Models and Education," the models are developed mathematically and analyzed. All of the models address the same concerns: the educational choices individuals make, factors that explain educational choices, and relationships between education and earnings. For the Schooling Models the only choice the individual makes is the length of initial period of schooling. For Life Cycle Models, additional concerns are the level of training in the form of on-the-job training and recurrent education later in life. In Life Cycle Models Including Leisure Activities, the perspective is further extended, while Intergenerational Models of Individualistic Type and Household Models are possible alternatives or complements to the earlier Life Cycle Models. Bibliographies are appended. (SW)