The life and contributions of Helen Thompson Woolley and Leta Stetter Hollingworth are presented. These two women were prominent in the early mental testing movement as well as leaders in clinical psychology. Woolley and Hollingworth were feminists whose careful and objective research frequently studied alleged psychological differences between the genders. Both were deliberately concerned with dispelling cultural myths surrounding women, and succeeded in demonstrating that psychological data do not confirm hypotheses concerning gender differences. (Author/GK)