The theory of transactional analysis (TA) originated by Eric Berne in the 1950's is typified by structural analysis and is comprised of the ego states of Parent, Adult, and Child. Linkages are the life scripts of the individual. One ego state is usually in control at any given time. Pathology results when ego boundaries become rigid or break down and merge. Strokes, any unit of positive or negative recognition, are necessary for survival. Ways to structure time and obtain strokes include withdrawal, rituals, pastimes, activities, games, rackets, and intimacy. TA has primarily been used in group settings as well as dyads and small family groupings, and has as its goal the development of individual autonomy. (NRB)