This paper brings together and discusses the implications of various statements of children's rights and legislation protecting children. The Declaration on the Rights of the Child, proclaimed by the General Assembly of the United Nations on 20 November 1959 is detailed in terms of individual and social rights. The new (1979) Youth Protection Act of the Province of Quebec: legislation aimed at protecting the security and development of Canadian children and youth under 18 years of age who are in trouble or are at risk is discussed. Under this Act the Child has the same rights and can enjoy the same fundamental freedoms as an adult. Implications of the Canadian legislation for intervention are highlighted. Intervention should be done in a manner that gives the child more self-determination, respects his potentialities and assures him of available services and resources and does not make decisions for him. The child should be treated as an active subject whose potentialities constitute essential elements of the intervention. In conclusion, some limits of legislation are indicated. (Author/RH)