Research developments in learning theory over the past fifty years have led to principles of behavior which have been shown in innumerable applied settings to be valuable in analyzing and modifying human behavior. When applied to flying training using simulators, these principles suggest that a significant contribution could be made in improving the way in which instructor pilots teach new students via more effective use of simulator functions. In addition, flying skills could probably be acquired more readily if tasks were presented in a more systematic manner, taking the principles of learning into account. When the simulator is conceptualized as merely an inferior copy of an aircraft, its potential as a teaching device (perhaps superior to the actual plan, in this regard) is likely to be overlooked. Thus, a behavioral analysis of optimal conditions of learning would make a major contribution to both the design and use of current and future flight simulators. (This report describes the basic principles of behavior and attempts to relate them to the task of improving flying training.) (Author/BM)