Existing and potential federal funding programs for libraries are discussed in this special conference theme summary. The relation of library funding to the total intergovernmental grant system is explained, and eight existing federal programs are outlined that support (1) public library services, (2) interlibrary cooperation, (3) school libraries and instructional resources, (4) college library resources, (5) career training, (6) research and demonstration, (7) strengthening research libraries, and (8) college instructional equipment. Suggestions for alternative models of federal support include a revised federal role and target in funding, modification of existing funding mechanisms, and a new legislative initiative. Five references are listed. (SW)