Although academic employment of full-time scientists and engineers increased by three percent in 1977, more than one-fourth of public and private institutions reported a reduction in employment levels. There appeared to be a shift in emphasis toward applied rather than basic research. The employment of women as full-time scientists and engineers in the academic sector has grown at a rate approximately double that of men in 1977. Among the other information contained in this report is a chart of the number of scientists and engineers employed by the fifty leading situations broken down by field and sex. (BB)