Research on the differences in motivation to achieve in school among 10 groups of four-year-olds utilized a new, 75-item objective projective test called Gumpgookies. This test was individually administered to approximately 2000 children mainly from low economic backgrounds. The various ethnic and religious groups were compared with respect to exact scores on five factors: 1) Instrumental Activity; 2) School Enjoyment; 3) Self-Confidence; 4) Purposiveness; and 5) Self-Evaluation. A series of fixed effects analyses of variance showed significant differences among groups on total score and on all factors except Purposiveness. Significant differences were associated with sex for the School Enjoyment factor. (Author/MS)