This book analyzes some of the major manpower and social problems encountered by developing countries during industrialization. The first part of the book examines the skill requirements for industrial development in low-income countries, the aims and characteristics of industrial manpower training programs at the national level, the measures needed to ensure a more effective use of manpower, and vocational and technical training for small-scale industrial enterprises and their personnel. The second part, after advocating the development of new employment opportunities and the achievement of full productive employment for the whole of the labor force in the industrial sector, brings out the importance of choosing the appropriate form of industrial technology to attain these objectives. The main considerations that affect any wage policy designed to promote industrialization are listed, and the aims and nature of social participation schemes through which workers' and employers' organizations may contribute actively to the elaboration and application of industrialization programs are examined. (Author/DB)