This investigation dealt with the development and evaluation of both a music dictation test (PRM78 Dictation Test) and a sightsinging test (CSS76 Criterion Sightsinging Test). It was hoped that the dictation test could eventually be developed to serve as an adequate replacement for the latter. Thirteen samples participated in this project--7 first-year undergraduate, 3 second and third year, and 3 graduate. Four research hypotheses were tested: (1) Achievement in the pitch, rhythm, and melodic sections of the PRM Dictation Test is substantially correlated with proficiency in the Criterion Sightsinging Test; (2) Achievement in the PRM Dictation Test is substantially correlated with proficiency in the Criterion Sightsinging Test; (3) Formal classwork in eartraining results in significant growth in music dictation achievement as measured by the PRM Dictation Test; and (4) The average achievement levels of first-year undergraduate students and other-than-first-year students in the two tests will favor the latter group somewhat, but are perhaps not of statistical significance. Results show that the PRM Dictation Test yielded total test reliabilities ranging generally from about .82 to .91, with a pitch section reliability of .86, rhythm .68, and melody .73. The CSS Criterion Sightsinging Test produced total rest reliabilities of about .95, with interval section of .84, pitch .93, rhythm .82, and melody .92. (DB)