In simple terms, the scientist's problem with respect to information is: How can the present volume of research results be published promptly? What is being published now? Where is it? and How can I get at it? The purpose of this paper is to examine these problems and to suggest possible ways in which they can be solved. In regard to what the Federal Government responsibilities should be two alternatives are stated: (1) establishment of a large, highly centralized scientific information agency financed by the Federal Government or by government and private industry and (2) establishment of a science information service of the coordinating type which would strengthen rather than supplant existing systems. The second alternative is advocated with the establishment of a Science Information Service within the National Science Foundation as an extension of the Foundation's present scientific information program. The White House press release announcing the establishment of a Science Information Service in the National Science Foundation is appended. (This is considered to be one of the basic papers of government interest in the field of information science.) (NH)