This study was undertaken to determine manpower needs in speech pathology and audiology by evaluating the effectiveness of present patterns of manpower utilization in reaching the target population. The investigation used four sources of data: (1) site visits to 20 service programs across the nation, (2) questionnaire surveys distributed to all service programs in the field and to all schools with two or more clinicians, (3) a random survey of association members, and (4) quantification of students training in the field based on enrollment figures supplied by the available training programs and schools. The study found serious manpower shortages for both speech clinicians and audiologists, despite a 300 percent rise over the past decade in the number of students receiving degrees in these fields. The results support the need for an educational effort to change negative administrator attitudes regarding the use of supportive personnel to fill manpower shortages. This conclusion was reaffirmed by participants in a 3-day conference held to examine the findings and make recommendations regarding the optimal utilization of professional and supportive personnel. (BH)