This volume is the fourth in a series of case studies published by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development. Chapter 1 discusses the aims of the study, including the concepts of innovation and change, the role of pilot experiments in the development of the university system, and the methods used for this critical analysis of French Faculty reform. Chapter II deals with the sociological context of the reforms, including the situation and scope of Faculty reform, the place and role of the Faculties in French higher education, in a system dominated by the Grandes Ecoles, and the "crisis in the university" as viewed by the public initiators of reform, and the reformers, and the resistance and opposition to these reforms. Chapter III discusses reform and the growth in enrollments in terms of enrollment and the incentive for reform, some effects of reform on Faculty enrollments, and the effects of reform on (1) the size of the establishment and (2) university architecture. Chapter IV discusses the effects of reform on the democratization of recruitment and the present inequality of access to higher education in relation to social origin and sex. Chapter V deals with reform and the organization of higher education. The appendices include statistics of student population trends in France and the contents of the reforms proposed for the Faculties of Arts and Science in June 1966. (AF)