Communication skills, language abilities, and educational achievement of 163 subjects from six residential schools for deaf students were studied. Subjects were tested yearly from 1963 to 1967 on speechreading, fingerspelling, speech intelligibility, reading achievement, arithmetic achievement, and written language. Both males and females and the combined group showed significant improvement in all areas except speech intelligibility, speechreading, and vocabulary usage. Females were consistently superior in receptive communication ability, reading achievement, and most language ability measures. No differences between the sexes were found any year in arithmetic ability or in educational achievement in the last 2 years of the study. For both sexes, growth in educational achievement ranged from one-third grade per year in reading and language to one-half grade per year in arithmetic. In 1963, the average subject showed a battery median of four grades lower than the average non-deaf student. In 1967, battery medians were nearly 6 grades below the Stanford Achievement Test norms. (Author/KW)