An historical review is presented of the 6 major groups of Indians of the coastal region of British Columbia: the Coast Salish, Nootka, Kwakiutl, Bella Coola, Tsimshian, and Haida. Characteristics of each tribe are contrasted in the following 7 sections of the review: (1) Introduction--the life style, sociocultural factors, and unique characteristics; (2) Explorers and Traders (1774-1849)--the influence of the numerous expeditions of noted explorers and traders from Spain, England, Russia, and the United States; (3) The Colonial Period--colonization of the area due to fur trapping and gold mining; (4) The Missionaries--the Christianization and education of the natives of British Columbia; (5) The Post-confederation Period--Indian lands come under control of British Columbia's government; (6) Education--transfer of responsibility for Indian education from the missionaries to the government; and (7) Economic Development--use by Indians of their nature skills and resources to sustain a livelihood. A brief bibliography and a short description of the Indian population are included. (AL)