This report describes the results of a series of studies examining changing beliefs concerning civil liberties among students attending several small colleges which differed dramatically in student characteristics, institutional goals, climate, teaching practices, and student-faculty relationships. The findings indicated that: (1) there was a net change toward increased liberalism, but that change was greater for men, and varied in magnitude from college to college; (2) moderate conservatives tended to become more liberal; and (3) moderate liberals most frequently became more conservative, though at some colleges they became more liberal. Institutional characteristics that were positively associated with increasing liberalism were: (1) the proportion of peers holding liberal beliefs; (2) study motivated by interests, concerns, or anticipated future activities; (3) student-faculty contact; and (4) student demonstrations concerning administrative policies or non-college issues. Institutional characteristics negatively associated with such change were: (1) the proportion of peers holding conservative beliefs; (2) college and student emphasis on professional-vocational preparation and propriety; (3) teaching practices that employ lecturing in class and memorizing for class preparation; and (4) study motivated by finishing a requirement or getting a good grade. (AF)