This collection of 17 papers relating behavioral science theory to the process of experimental education grew out of a 1963 National Education Association symposium on research in programed instruction. Perspectives and the technology of programing are described in this updated and supplemental successor to the source book, "Teaching Machines and Programmed Learning" (TMPL-I). Cast in the form of individually authored review chapters, its aim is to update with information on new research and to integrate that information with past efforts. It reviews the past 10 years and present objectives, programing variables and techniques, computer-based instructional systems, adaptive teaching systems, the effectiveness of instructional programs, and programing for classroom instruction. A section on technology and subject matter examines programing on mathematics and logic, science education, reading and related verbal learning, English, and instruction in a second language. The implementation of programed instruction in schools, industry, and federal government agencies is discussed. Indications of the future point to a firm and continuing base for instructional design in the behavioral sciences. This compilation, containing over 1000 research references, is indexed by both author and subject. (AW)