Problems related to rapid reduction of the agricultural labor force were examined in the 21 Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development countries. The size and changes of the agricultural labor force, economic forces tending towards change, technical requirements for labor in agriculture, and obstacles hindering economic adjustment of agricultural labor were scrutinized. Some conclusions were: (1) The exodus from agriculture has recently accelerated, (2) The highest rate of decrease was in the United States, (3) The outflow of agricultural labor has contributed to the nonfarm labor supply, (4) There is a decreased percentage of young adults in agriculture, (5) The agricultural exodus can primarily be explained by unfavorable incomes, and (6) Agricultural exodus is a normal part of economic change leading toward higher levels of living for all groups in a society. It was recommended that: (1) the trend towards fewer agricultural workers be recognized as a normal part of modern economic development, (2) mobility of manpower be recognized as beneficial to economic growth, (3) rural education be similar to that in the urban areas, and (4) economic activity be encouraged in areas threatened with de-population. The report contains separate chapters on Denmark, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Spain, Turkey, and the United States. (DM)