This report of two case studies examines the causes and effects of a junior college change into a 4-year institution. The hypothesis supported by the findings was that the goals of a 2-year community college will not be adequately served in a 4-year college even where there is a formal commitment by the 4-year college to serve such goals. Variables measured were: (1) background and rationale for upward extension, (2) formal intent of the enabling legislation, (3) goals and philosophy of the college, (4) attitudes of administrators, (5) attitudes of faculty, (6) curriculum, (7) attitudes of trustees, (8) costs to students, (9) admission policy, and (10) probation and retention policies. Among the conclusions: (1) demand was manifested for a 4-year institution to serve students within commuting distance of the 2-year colleges; (2) before the change, the colleges were unable to institutionalize themselves as 2-year colleges within the community; (3) once a movement for upward extension begins, it automatically increases unless conditions are altered; (4) when statewide planning fails to provide 4-year college facilities in a given area of proven need, the 2-year college will encounter irreconcilable problems in institutionalizing itself; (5) a 2-year college staff generally has a vested interest in promoting upward extension of its college, and (6) expanding existing 2-year college facilities seems more economical than constructing new 4-year facilities. (RM)