THIS PAPER DISCUSSES EMPATHY AS THE CONCEPT HAS DEVELOPED PHILOSOPHICALLY, AS IT IS USED IN THE ARTS, AND AS IT DIFFERS FROM SYMPATHY. EMPATHY IS DEFINED AS A TWO-DIRECTIONAL PROCESS INVOLVING THE OBSERVER AND THE OBSERVED. THE ETHICAL CONCEPT IS DEFINED AS AN EMOTIONAL "FEELING INTO," EXTENSION, OR INVESTMENT OF THE SELF ON THE PART OF THE OBSERVER (COUNSELOR). THE AESTHETIC CONCEPT INCLUDES AWARENESS OF A SHARED RELATIONSHIP, A RECIPROCITY OF EMOTIONS BETWEEN COUNSELEE AND COUNSELOR. EMOTIONAL INTERACTION DIFFERENTIATES EMPATHY FROM SYMPATHY. IN EMPATHY, THE COUNSELOR'S EMOTIONAL ASSOCIATION IS IN TERMS OF THE CLIENT'S FRAME OF REFERENCE. IN SYMPATHY, IT IS IN TERMS OF HIS OWN FRAME OF REFERENCE. EVIDENCE OF THE WILLINGNESS OF YOUNGSTERS TO ENTER AN EMPATHIC RELATIONSHIP IS PRESENTED. THE STUDENT COUNSELOR IS ENCOURAGED TO EXPAND HIS AESTHETIC EXPERIENCES AND TO BE MORE AWARE OF EVERYDAY EMPATHIC ASSOCIATIONS AS HE DEVELOPS A CONCEPT OF EMPATHY. THIS DOCUMENT APPEARS IN PERSPECTIVES ON COUNSELING, VOLUME 1, NO. 1, SPRING, 1966 PP. 26-35. (NS)