THE DEVELOPMENT OF MODERN LINGUISTICS STARTED WITH JONES' DISCOVERY IN 1786 THAT SANSKRIT IS CLOSELY RELATED TO THE CLASSICAL, GERMANIC, AND CELTIC LANGUAGES, AND HAS ADVANCED TO INCLUDE THE APPLICATION OF COMPUTERS IN LANGUAGE ANALYSIS. THE HIGHLIGHTS OF LINGUISTIC RESEARCH HAVE BEEN DE SAUSSURE'S DISTINCTION BETWEEN THE DIACHRONIC AND THE SYNCHRONIC STUDY OF LANGUAGE, BLOOMFIELD'S WORK WITH PHONEMES AND MORPHEMES, AND VARIOUS STUDIES OF ENGLISH, INCLUDING WORK BY C.C. FRIES, G.L. TRAGER, AND H.L. SMITH, AND MOST RECENTLY BY N. CHOMSKY. IN ADDITION LINGUISTIC RESEARCH HAS ENLARGED TO INCLUDE SUCH DISCIPLINES AS PSYCHOLINGUISTICS AND COMPUTER OR MECHANICAL LINGUISTICS. AS A RESULT OF TRENDS IN MODERN LINGUISTICS, TRADITIONAL METHODS OF TEACHING ENGLISH ARE BEING MODIFIED TO INCLUDE MORE EMPHASIS ON STRUCTURAL AND TRANSFORMATIONAL ANALYSES. THIS DOCUMENT IS A REPRINT FROM THE "JOURNAL OF HIGHER EDUCATION," VOLUME 36, NUMBER 3, MARCH 1965. (FB)