THE REPORT OF UNESCO COMMITTEE STATED THAT THERE WERE NOT MEASURABLE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN WHAT IS DUE TO INNATE CAPACITY AND WHAT IS THE RESULT OF ENVIRONMENTAL INFLUENCES, TRAINING, AND EDUCATION. TESTS WHICH HAVE MADE ALLOWANCE FOR MOST DIFFERENCES IN ENVIRONMENTAL OPPORTUNITIES HAVE SHOWN ESSENTIAL SIMILARITY IN MENTAL CHARACTERISTICS AMONG ALL HUMAN GROUPS. THE UNESCO REPORT HAS BEEN CHALLENGED BY A SERIES OF PUBLICATIONS CONTENDING THAT IT IGNORED SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE THAT THE NEGRO IN THE UNITED STATES IS INFERIOR IN INTELLIGENCE TO THE WHITE. FOUR DISTINGUISHED EXPERTS IN TESTS AND MEASUREMENTS, PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL PATTERNS, AND ANTHROPOLOGY WERE ASKED TO STATE THEIR OPINIONS ON THE CHALLENGE. QUESTIONS WERE ASKED ON INNATE CAPACITY, TEST RELIABILITY, NEGRO INTELLIGENCE, AND OTHER INNATE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NEGRO AND WHITE. THE SCIENTISTS ARE IN SUBSTANTIAL AGREEMENT THAT THE CLAIMS OF THE CHALLENGING PUBLICATIONS CANNOT BE SUPPORTED BY ANY SUBSTANTIAL SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE. MOREOVER, FUTURE CLAIMS OF INNATE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN NEGRO AND WHITE CANNOT BE VALID UNLESS--DISTINCTIVE RACIAL HOMOGENEITY OF THE GROUP IS DEMONSTRATED, SOCIAL AND CULTURAL BACKGROUNDS OF THE GROUP ARE EQUAL, AND ADEQUATE TESTS OF PROVED RELIABILITY AND VALIDITY ARE USED.