The importance of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) has gained national attention in recent years, with educators, policymakers, and others advocating for greater participation and enhanced performance in STEM in order to bolster the U.S. economy and provide greater national security. This brief summarizes several pieces of legislation proposed by the 113th Congress to promote STEM, strengthen the science and engineering workforce, and secure the nation's role as a global leader in the field. The brief outlines and gives the status of proposed legislation, which focuses on: (1) Promoting the participation of underrepresented populations in STEM; (2) Enhancing the quality of professionals teaching STEM subjects; and (3) Promoting STEM-related activities to engage students of all ages. In addition, the brief summarizes responses to the proposed legislation and provides considerations and recommendations for policymakers.