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Green, Jon; Druckman, James N.; Baum, Matthew A.; Lazer, David; Ognyanova, Katherine; Perlis, Roy H. – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2023
Conspiratorial beliefs can endanger individuals and societies by increasing the likelihood of harmful behaviors such as the flouting of public health guidelines. While scholars have identified various correlates of conspiracy beliefs, one factor that has received scant attention is depressive symptoms. We use three large surveys to explore the…
Descriptors: Beliefs, Depression (Psychology), Correlation, Racial Differences
Blanch, Angel; Martínez, Albert – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2023
Individual differences in cognitive performance depend on age, skill, and type of task. Nonetheless, whether performance is measured with accuracy (ACC) or with the trade-off between responding speed and accuracy (SAT) could render subtle different relationships. Age and skill might associate more strongly with SAT performance in reasoning tasks,…
Descriptors: Age Differences, Games, Cognitive Ability, Task Analysis
Ashkenazi, Sarit; Blum-Cahana, Iris Y. – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2023
The current study highlights the importance of inhibitory ability in facilitating performance in mathematics. To understand the role of inhibition in mathematical knowledge, this study tested 102 college students on a series of standardized complex math exercises. Inhibition tasks varied by task and stimuli (letters, numbers, and arrows). The…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Mathematics Instruction, Cognitive Processes, Knowledge Level
Leal, Sharon; Vrij, Aldert; Deeb, Haneen; Fisher, Ronald P. – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2023
Interviewees sometimes deliberately omit reporting some information. Such omission lies differ from other lies because all the information interviewees present may be entirely truthful. Truth tellers and lie tellers carried out a mission. Truth tellers reported the entire mission truthfully. Lie tellers were also entirely truthful but left out one…
Descriptors: Interviews, Deception, Ethics, Disclosure
Barrett, Emily; Kannis-Dymand, Lee; Love, Steven; Ramos-Cejudo, Juan; Lovell, Geoff P. – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2023
This study investigated the relationship between sport related metacognitions with state anxiety dimensions, and compared how sporting categories affected these variables, among an online sample of athletes (N = 187). A MANOVA revealed there were significant differences between sporting types in metacognitive beliefs relating to the utility of…
Descriptors: Athletics, Athletes, Metacognition, Anxiety
Biggs, Adam T. – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2022
Inhibitory control has been identified as a prominent factor in shoot/don't-shoot errors. Although emerging evidence continues to support this relationship, there is critical nuance and depth that can significantly alter this connection between a cognitive capability and a critical real-world application. For example, presenting shoot/don't-shoot…
Descriptors: Inhibition, Self Control, Decision Making, Cognitive Processes
Bensley, D. Alan; Watkins, Cody; Lilienfeld, Scott O.; Masciocchi, Christopher; Murtagh, Michael P.; Rowan, Krystal – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2022
In three samples (Ns = 286, 304, and 273), we found that endorsement of conspiracy theories, paranormal beliefs, and psychological misconceptions were all positively intercorrelated, supporting an individual difference in the tendency to generally endorse unsubstantiated claims. Multiple regression analyses further supported generality, showing…
Descriptors: Beliefs, Trust (Psychology), Negative Attitudes, Cognitive Style
McCormick, Colin R. – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2022
In 2002, Fan and his colleagues developed the Attention Network Test (ANT), a cognitive tool that provides a score for each of the attentional networks (alerting, orienting, and executive functioning). Since publication, this study has been cited over 3,500 times. The authors state one of the indicated uses of this tool is to measure how different…
Descriptors: Life Style, Tests, Scores, Executive Function
Flick, Cassandra; Smith, Olivia K. H.; Schweitzer, Kimberly – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2022
Expert credentials and scientific validity of expert evidence have been shown to impact mock jurors' perceptions of expert credibility. The current study investigated the interactive effects of these two variables. Participants (N = 273) were exposed to a mock civil trial based on a real hostile work environment case. We were interested in both…
Descriptors: Credibility, Court Litigation, Educational Attainment, Validity
Lim, Alliyza; Young, Robyn L.; Brewer, Neil – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2022
Behaviors such as gaze aversion and repetitive movements are commonly believed to be signs of deception and low credibility; however, they may also be characteristic of individuals with developmental or mental health conditions. We examined the effect of five behaviors that are common among autistic individuals--gaze aversion, repetitive…
Descriptors: Altruism, Nonverbal Communication, Credibility, Deception
Göbel, Kyra; Hensel, Lisa; Schultheiss, Oliver C.; Niessen, Cornelia – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2022
We meta-analytically examined correlations between task-based and self-report thought control measures as well as potential moderators. Results of a frequentist meta-analysis indicate that the two measures do not overlap, r = 0.07, 95% CI [-0.01;0.15] (k = 20; N = 1194); subgroup analyses for different self-report measures r = 0.12; 95% CI…
Descriptors: Cognitive Processes, Task Analysis, Measurement Techniques, Correlation
Kadriu, Fortesa; Claes, Laurence; Witteman, Cilia; Vroling, Maartje; Norré, Jan; Krans, Julie – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2022
This study aimed to assess the characteristics and content of intrusive images in patients with eating disorders, and test the relations between intrusive images, core beliefs and autobiographical memories. As an exploratory aim, patients with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa and binge eating disorders were compared on the level of dissociation…
Descriptors: Patients, Eating Disorders, Correlation, Visual Stimuli
Meador, Cass; Paquet, Caitlin B.; Cogan, Chelsea M.; Davis, Joanne L. – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2022
While rescription-based therapies are effective treatments for chronic post-trauma nightmares, mechanisms of change have not yet been defined. We examined the relationship between the use of cognitive-related words in nightmare narratives and the posttraumatic cognitions inventory (PTCI) in a sample of 25 trauma-exposed individuals undergoing…
Descriptors: Therapy, Posttraumatic Stress Disorder, Sleep, Correlation
Zhang, Yikang; Otgaar, Henry; Wang, Jianqin – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2022
Research on memory distrust and nonbelieved memory (NBM) both stress the importance of belief in memory but no previous research has brought these fields together. In the present study, we examined how trait memory distrust is associated with false memory and NBM, self-esteem as well as personality traits. Through two studies (N[subscript…
Descriptors: Trust (Psychology), Memory, Self Esteem, Beliefs
Wang, Li; Cao, Chen; Zhou, Xinlin; Qi, Chunxia – Applied Cognitive Psychology, 2022
Open math problem solving is critical to help students deepen the understanding and promote transfer of mathematics knowledge. However, the cognitive mechanism for open math problem solving, particularly the role of spatial abilities, has not been paid enough attention. This study recruited 192 junior middle school students (14.30 ± 0.48 years…
Descriptors: Spatial Ability, Mathematics Skills, Problem Solving, Transfer of Training