"Standards for Technological and Engineering Literacy" ("STEL") promotes science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education, where technology and engineering play a critical role as subject integrators. Integration of STEM in project-based learning is an ideal approach, with benefits of enhancing student…

The process of writing lesson plans at the beginning of one's teaching career can be very time-consuming (Arnett-Hartwick and Cannon, 2019); however, the development of sequenced lessons that result in effective learning must be organized and articulate, not done haphazardly. Designing a lesson through a written document can help a teacher see the…

While some promising efforts have recently been made to connect farmers with new practices of water conservation and assist in the optimization and use of resources, these efforts have not eliminated the need for additional research and sustainable practices in farming. This is especially true for crops such as rice that rely heavily on large…