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Rüttenauer, Tobias; Ludwig, Volker – Sociological Methods & Research, 2023
Fixed effects (FE) panel models have been used extensively in the past, as those models control for all stable heterogeneity between units. Still, the conventional FE estimator relies on the assumption of parallel trends between treated and untreated groups. It returns biased results in the presence of heterogeneous slopes or growth curves that…
Descriptors: Hierarchical Linear Modeling, Monte Carlo Methods, Statistical Bias, Computation
Zapata, Zakry; Sedory, Stephen A.; Singh, Sarjinder – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
In this article, we consider the use of the zero-truncated binomial distribution as a randomization device while estimating the population proportion of a sensitive characteristic. The resultant new estimator based on the zero-truncated binomial distribution is then compared to its competitors from both the efficiency and the protection point of…
Descriptors: Social Science Research, Research Methodology, Comparative Analysis, Statistical Analysis
Rüttenauer, Tobias – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
Spatial regression models provide the opportunity to analyze spatial data and spatial processes. Yet, several model specifications can be used, all assuming different types of spatial dependence. This study summarizes the most commonly used spatial regression models and offers a comparison of their performance by using Monte Carlo experiments. In…
Descriptors: Models, Monte Carlo Methods, Social Science Research, Data Analysis
Du?a, Adrian – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
The main objective of the qualitative comparative analysis is to find solutions that display sufficient configurations of causal conditions leading to the presence of an outcome. These solutions should be less complex than the original observed configurations, as parsimonious as possible, without sacrificing the sufficiency requirement.…
Descriptors: Qualitative Research, Comparative Analysis, Influences, Robustness (Statistics)
Mulder, J.; Raftery, A. E. – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
The Schwarz or Bayesian information criterion (BIC) is one of the most widely used tools for model comparison in social science research. The BIC, however, is not suitable for evaluating models with order constraints on the parameters of interest. This article explores two extensions of the BIC for evaluating order-constrained models, one where a…
Descriptors: Models, Social Science Research, Programming Languages, Bayesian Statistics
Liao, Tim Futing – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
In common sociological research, income inequality is measured only at the aggregate level. The main purpose of this article is to demonstrate that there is more than meets the eye when inequality is indicated by a single measure. In this article, I introduce an alternative method that evaluates individuals' contributions to inequality as well as…
Descriptors: Sociology, Income, Social Differences, Social Science Research
Elwert, Felix; Pfeffer, Fabian T. – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
Conventional advice discourages controlling for postoutcome variables in regression analysis. By contrast, we show that controlling for commonly available postoutcome (i.e., future) values of the treatment variable can help detect, reduce, and even remove omitted variable bias (unobserved confounding). The premise is that the same unobserved…
Descriptors: Bias, Regression (Statistics), Evaluation Methods, Research
Luo, Liying; Hodges, James S. – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
Social scientists have frequently sought to understand the distinct effects of age, period, and cohort, but disaggregation of the three dimensions is difficult because cohort = period - age. We argue that this technical difficulty reflects a disconnection between how the cohort effect is conceptualized and how it is modeled in the traditional…
Descriptors: Social Sciences, Time, Age, Population Groups
Pacewicz, Josh – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
Most social scientists agree that case studies are useful for "theory building," but ethnographic methods papers often look to survey research for case selection strategies. This is due to a common but untenable distinction between theoretical and empirical generalization, which obscures how theoretically inclined ethnographers make…
Descriptors: Ethnography, Social Sciences, Generalization, Sociology
Rotman, Assaf; Shalev, Michael – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
Automatically collected behavioral data on the location of users of mobile phones offer an unprecedented opportunity to measure mobilization in mass protests, while simultaneously expanding the range of researchable questions. Location data not only improve estimation of the number and composition of participants in large demonstrations. Thanks to…
Descriptors: Measurement Techniques, Activism, Telecommunications, Handheld Devices
Rinaldo, Rachel; Guhin, Jeffrey – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
Recent debates about qualitative methods have discussed the relative limitations and contributions of interviews in comparison to surveys and participant observation. These discussions have rarely considered how ethnographers themselves use interviews as part of their work. We suggest that Lizardo's discussion of three modes of culture…
Descriptors: Interviews, Comparative Analysis, Surveys, Ethnography
Opening the Blackbox of Treatment Interference: Tracing Treatment Diffusion through Network Analysis
An, Weihua; VanderWeele, Tyler J. – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
Causal inference under treatment interference is a challenging but important problem. Past studies usually make strong assumptions on the structure of treatment interference in order to estimate causal treatment effects while accounting for the effect of treatment interference. In this article, we view treatment diffusion as a concrete form of…
Descriptors: Outcomes of Treatment, Smoking, Prevention, Intervention
Abend, Gabriel – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
I argue that what-makes-it-possible questions are a distinct and important kind of sociological research question. What is social phenomenon "P" made possible or enabled by? Results won't be about "P's" causes and causal relationships, but about its enablers and enabling relationships. I examine the character of…
Descriptors: Social Science Research, Sociology, Philosophy, Relationship
Li, Tenglong; Frank, Ken – Sociological Methods & Research, 2022
The internal validity of observational study is often subject to debate. In this study, we define the counterfactuals as the unobserved sample and intend to quantify its relationship with the null hypothesis statistical testing (NHST). We propose the probability of a robust inference for internal validity, that is, the PIV, as a robustness index…
Descriptors: Probability, Inferences, Validity, Correlation
Daza, Sebastian; Kreuger, L. Kurt – Sociological Methods & Research, 2021
Although agent-based models (ABMs) have been increasingly accepted in social sciences as a valid tool to formalize theory, propose mechanisms able to recreate regularities, and guide empirical research, we are not aware of any research using ABMs to assess the robustness of our statistical methods. We argue that ABMs can be extremely helpful to…
Descriptors: Statistical Analysis, Models, Selection, Social Influences