Three different methods for selecting students for admission to higher education institutions are discussed and compared. The predictive system of selection, based on qualitative judgments, makes use of conventional data and also subjective judgments. The other two methods, the proportional system of selection and the predictive system of…

Using two specially constructed tests for synonyms and general knowledge, researchers examined the possibility of deciding which test items will produce expected sex-differentiated results by looking at test-item contents. They found stable sex differences but very limited possibilities of identifying the test items leading to those differences.…