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Morrison, Timothy G.; Wilcox, Brad; Sudweeks, Richard R.; Bird, Lauren; Murdoch, Erica; Bursey, Hannah; Helvey, McKenzie – Reading Psychology, 2022
The authors of the Common Core State Standards and publishers of literacy programs focus on an essential aspect of comprehension, the process of drawing inferences. An inference refers to any piece of information that an author does not include in text but expects readers to use to make meaning. Four common inference types are anaphoric,…
Descriptors: Common Core State Standards, Inferences, Student Evaluation, Measures (Individuals)
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Morrison, Timothy G.; Wilcox, Brad; Bird, Lauren; Murdoch, Erica; Bursey, Hannah; Helvey, McKenzie – Reading Psychology, 2020
The Common Core has emphasized reading for comprehension, including making inferences. However, little is known about the instructional materials included in core literacy programs for teaching inferences. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of background, anaphoric, predictive, and retrospective inferences in instructional…
Descriptors: Instructional Materials, Reading Instruction, Elementary Education, Elementary School Students
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Morrison, Timothy G.; Wilcox, Brad; Murdoch, Erica; Bird, Lauren – Reading Psychology, 2018
The Common Core has emphasized reading for comprehension, including making inferences. However, little is known about the textual demands found within assessment and instructional passages that are promoted as being in line with Common Core expectations. The purpose of this content analysis was to identify the readability levels, passage length,…
Descriptors: Language Arts, English Instruction, Common Core State Standards, Elementary School Curriculum