Diabetes is a condition where high amounts of glucose are found in the bloodstream due to impaired secretion of insulin. The hormone insulin was discovered by two physicians, Fredrick Banting and James Mcleod in 1921. Individuals with severe diabetes typically controlled their glucose level with multiple daily injections of insulin. Recently the insulin pump has gained popularity with individuals with Type I diabetes. A comprehensive review of the research literature is presented with advantages and disadvantages of pump therapy. Implications and recommendations for educators and other school personnel concerning students using pump therapy are included.