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Dusdal, Jennifer; Powell, Justin J. W.; Baker, David P.; Fu, Yuan Chih; Shamekhi, Yahya; Stock, Manfred – Minerva: A Review of Science, Learning and Policy, 2020
The world's third largest producer of scientific research, Germany, is the origin of the research university and the independent, extra-university research institute. Its dual-pillar research policy differentiates these organizational forms functionally: universities specialize in advanced research-based teaching; institutes specialize intensely…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Research Universities, Scientific Research, Educational History
Pettersson, Ingemar – Minerva: A Review of Science, Learning and Policy, 2018
The paper examines the introduction of the so-called professor's privilege in Sweden in the 1940s and shows how this legal principle for university patents emerged out of reforms of techno-science and the patent law around World War II. These political processes prompted questions concerning the nature and functions of university research: How is…
Descriptors: College Faculty, Foreign Countries, Intellectual Property, Science and Society
Powell, Justin J. W.; Dusdal, Jennifer – Minerva: A Review of Science, Learning and Policy, 2017
Charting significant growth in science production over the 20th century in four European Union member states, this neo-institutional analysis describes the development and current state of universities and research institutes that bolster Europe's position as a key region in global science. On-going internationalization and Europeanization of…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Scientific Research, Research Universities, Research and Development Centers
Brint, Steven; Carr, Cynthia E. – Minerva: A Review of Science, Learning and Policy, 2017
Extending and expanding Geiger and Feller's (1995) analysis of increasing dispersion in R&D expenditures during the 1980s, the paper analyzes publication and citation counts as well as R&D expenditures for 194 top producers using Web of Science data. We find high and stable levels of inequality in the 1990s and 2000s, combined with robust…
Descriptors: Scientific Research, Research Universities, Research and Development, Expenditures
Geiger, Roger L.; Sa, Creso – Minerva: A Review of Science, Learning and Policy, 2005
This paper examines the recent history of State-level policies in the United States for knowledge-based economic development, and identifies an emerging model based on technology creation. This new model goes beyond traditional investments in technology transfer and prioritizes cutting-edge scientific research in economically relevant fields. As…
Descriptors: Economic Development, Scientific Research, Research Universities, Technology Transfer