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Rowe, Wayne – Journal of Multicultural Counseling and Development, 2006
J. E. Helms's (1995b) White racial identity theory is said to resemble a pseudoscience in certain respects because its empirical support is based on the White Racial Identity Attitude Scale (J. E. Helms & R. T. Carter, 1990) in spite of consistent evidence that the instrument does not measure the constructs that the theory proposes.
Descriptors: Racial Identification, Criticism, Scientific Concepts, Beliefs