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Moreton, Elliott – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
Is phonological learning subject to the same inductive biases as learning in other domains? Previous studies of non-linguistic learning found that intra-dimensional dependencies (between two instances of the same feature) were learned more easily than inter-dimensional ones. This study compares implicit learning of intra- and inter-dimensional…
Descriptors: Memory, Linguistics, Comparative Analysis, Experiments
Grenfell-Essam, Rachel; Ward, Geoff – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
Recent findings suggest that the immediate free recall (IFR) of short lists is similar to immediate serial recall (ISR). These findings were obtained using a methodology in which participants did not know the list length in advance of each list, and this uncertainty may have encouraged participants to adopt atypical recall strategies. Therefore,…
Descriptors: Prior Learning, Serial Ordering, Recall (Psychology), Experiments
Assfalg, Andre; Bernstein, Daniel M. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
The revelation effect is a change in response behavior induced by a preceding problem-solving task. Previous studies have shown a revelation effect for faces when the problem-solving task includes attractiveness ratings of the faces. Immediately after this problem-solving task participants judged faces as more familiar than without the…
Descriptors: Familiarity, Problem Solving, Interpersonal Relationship, Experiments
Cohen-Goldberg, Ariel M. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
Theories of spoken production have not specifically addressed whether the phonemes of a word compete with each other for selection during phonological encoding (e.g., whether /t/ competes with /k/ in cat). Spoken production theories were evaluated and found to fall into three classes, theories positing (1) no competition, (2) competition among…
Descriptors: Oral Reading, Phonemes, Phonology, Competition
Chan, Jason C. K.; Wilford, Miko M.; Hughes, Katharine L. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
Taking an intervening test between learning episodes can enhance later source recollection. Paradoxically, testing can also increase people's susceptibility to the misinformation effect--a finding termed retrieval-enhanced suggestibility (RES, Chan, Thomas, & Bulevich, 2009). We conducted three experiments to examine this apparent contradiction.…
Descriptors: Testing, Memory, Learning, Experiments
Bulevich, John B.; Thomas, Ayanna K. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
Retrieval demand, as implemented through test format and retrieval instructions, was varied across two misinformation experiments. Our goal was to examine whether increasing retrieval demand would improve the relationship between confidence and memory performance, and thereby reduce misinformation susceptibility. We hypothesized that improving the…
Descriptors: Memory, Memorization, Experiments, Responses
Karpicke, Jeffrey D.; Smith, Megan A. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
Does retrieval practice produce learning because it is an especially effective way to induce elaborative encoding? Four experiments examined this question. Subjects learned word pairs across alternating study and recall periods, and once an item was recalled it was dropped from further practice, repeatedly studied, or repeatedly retrieved on…
Descriptors: Verbal Stimuli, Recall (Psychology), Mnemonics, Experiments
Zhou, Peng; Crain, Stephen; Zhan, Likan – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
This study examined 4-year-old Mandarin-speaking children's sensitivity to prosodic cues in resolving speech act ambiguities, using eye-movement recordings. Most previous on-line studies have focused on children's use of prosody in resolving structural ambiguities. Although children have been found to be sensitive to prosodic information, they use…
Descriptors: Preschool Children, Native Speakers, Mandarin Chinese, Suprasegmentals
Brewer, William F.; Sampaio, Cristina – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
The metamemory approach to memory confidence was extended and elaborated to deal with semantic memory tasks. The metamemory approach assumes that memory confidence is based on the products and processes of a completed memory task, as well as metamemory beliefs that individuals have about how their memory products and processes relate to memory…
Descriptors: Semantics, Metacognition, Memory, Semiotics
Tibon, Roni; Vakil, Eli; Goldstein, Abraham; Levy, Daniel A. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
It has been proposed that the formation of episodic associations between stimuli may involve different processes when memoranda are from the same or different perceptual domains, and when stimuli are experienced concurrently or sequentially. Such differences are postulated to determine the degree of unitization of memoranda, and are asserted to…
Descriptors: Stimuli, Familiarity, Memory, Cognitive Development
Unsworth, Nash; Brewer, Gene A.; Spillers, Gregory J. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
The present study examined individual differences in everyday cognitive failures assessed by diaries. A large sample of participants completed various cognitive ability measures in the laboratory. Furthermore, a subset of these participants also recorded everyday cognitive failures (attention, retrospective memory, and prospective memory failures)…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Individual Differences, Short Term Memory, Diaries
Misra, Maya; Guo, Taomei; Bobb, Susan C.; Kroll, Judith F. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
Behavioral and event-related potential (ERP) measures are reported for a study in which relatively proficient Chinese-English bilinguals named identical pictures in each of their two languages. Production occurred only in Chinese (the first language, L1) or only in English (the second language, L2) in a given block with the order counterbalanced…
Descriptors: Priming, Evidence, Inhibition, Cognitive Processes
Lowder, Matthew W.; Gordon, Peter C. – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
Previous work has suggested that the difficulty normally associated with processing an object-extracted relative clause (ORC) compared to a subject-extracted relative clause (SRC) is increased when the head noun phrase (NP1) is animate and the embedded noun phrase (NP2) is inanimate, compared to the reverse animacy configuration. Two eye-tracking…
Descriptors: Phrase Structure, Verbs, Nouns, Sentence Structure
Messenger, Katherine; Branigan, Holly P.; McLean, Janet F.; Sorace, Antonella – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
Previous research suggests that English-speaking children comprehend agent-patient verb passives earlier than experiencer-theme verb passives (Maratsos, Fox, Becker, & Chalkley, 1985). We report three experiments examining whether such effects reflect delayed acquisition of the passive syntax or instead are an artifact of the experimental task,…
Descriptors: Evidence, Priming, Sentences, Semantics
Perruchet, Pierre; Poulin-Charronnat, Benedicte – Journal of Memory and Language, 2012
Endress and Mehler (2009) reported that when adult subjects are exposed to an unsegmented artificial language composed from trisyllabic words such as ABX, YBC, and AZC, they are unable to distinguish between these words and what they coined as the "phantom-word" ABC in a subsequent test. This suggests that statistical learning generates knowledge…
Descriptors: Artificial Languages, Probability, Models, Simulation